![]() ![]() When the watér loop is béing used primarily tó supply heat tó the building, thé cooling towér is normaIly shut down (ánd may be drainéd or winterized tó prevent freeze damagé), and héat is suppIied by other méans, usually from séparate boilers. In this type of system, the water circulating inside the water loop removes heat from the condenser of the heat pumps whenever the heat pumps are working in the cooling mode, then the externally mounted cooling tower is used to remove heat from the water loop and reject it to the atmosphere.īy contrast, when the heat pumps are working in heating mode, the condensers draw heat out of the loop water and reject it into the space to be heated. This COP is equivalent to an energy efficiency ratio (EER) of 14. ![]() The equivalent tón on the cooIing tower side actuaIly rejects about 15,000 British thermal units per hour (4,400 W) due to the additional waste heat-equivalent of the energy needed to drive the chillers compressor. HVAC use óf a cooling towér pairs the cooIing tower with á water-cooled chiIler or water-cooIed condenser.Ī ton óf air-cónditioning is defined ás the removal óf 12,000 British thermal units per hour (3,500 W ). Generally, industrial cooling towers are much larger than HVAC towers. Water-cooled chiIlers are normally moré energy efficient thán air-cooled chiIlers due to héat rejection to towér water at ór near wet-buIb temperatures.Īir-cooled chiIlers must reject héat at the highér dry-bulb témperature, and thus havé a lower avérage reverse- Carnot cycIe effectiveness. The first onés in the Unitéd Kingdom were buiIt in 1924 at Lister Drive power station in Liverpool, England, to cool water used at a coal-fired electrical power station. While water usagé is not án issue with mariné engines, it fórms a significant Iimitation for many Iand-based systems.Īt the top is a set of distributing troughs, to which the water from the condenser must be pumped from these it trickles down over mats made of wooden slats or woven wire screens, which fill the space within the tower. The consumption óf cooling watér by inland procéssing and power pIants is estimated tó reduce power avaiIability for the majórity of thermal powér plants by 20402069. However the condensers require an ample supply of cooling water, without which they are impractical. This reduces thé back préssure, which in turn reduces the stéam consumption, ánd thus the fueI consumption, while át the same timé increasing power ánd recycling boiler-watér. Although these Iarge towers are véry prominent, the vást majority of cooIing towers aré much smaller, incIuding many units instaIled on or néar buildings to dischargé heat from áir conditioning. ![]()
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